Hook and eye.



N0. 669,783. Patented Mar. 12, W01. E. W. GROESGHEL.

HOOK AND EYE.

(Application filed Aug. 29, 1900.) p

I (NoModem INVENTOR,

2 'MMfwM I I BY ATTORNEYS.

m: uoams PETERS do, PHOYO-LITMOWWASNINGTDN o c EDWIN W. GROESOHEL, OFJERSEY CITY, NEW JERSEY.

HOOK AND EYE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 669,783, dated March12, 1901. Application filed August 29, 1900. Serial No. 28,383. (Nomodel.)

To alt whom, it may concern.-

Be it known that I, EDWIN W. GRoEsoHEL, a citizen of the United States,residing in J ersey City, in the county of Hudson and State of NewJersey, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Hooks andEyes; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, andexact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilledin theart to which it appertains to make and use the same, referencebeing had to the accompanying drawings, and to letters of referencemarked thereon, which form a part of this specification.

This invention relates to garment-fasteners, and it has referenceparticularly to that class of such devices known as hooks and eyes.

The invention constitutes an improvement upon the hook and eye patentedto me July 4., 1899, under Letters Patent No. 628,143, the principalobject of said invention being to so construct the members of the devicethat while proof against accidental disengagement as a series they maywith facility be successively and rapidly disconnected provided theforce' employed is properly exerted.

The invention consists in the improved hook and eye constructedsubstantially as will be hereinafter pointed out,and finally embodied inthe clauses of the claim.

I have fully illustrated my invention in the accompanyingdrawings,whereincorresponding letters-of reference indicate like parts,and whe'rein-- Figure 1 represents two pieces of fabric or the adjoiningedge portions of a garment provided with one form of my improved bookand eye. Fig. 2 is an enlarged top plan view of the preferred form of mybook and eye. Fig. 3 is a' plan view of another form of my hook and eye.Figs. 4. and 5 are views in side elevation, a portion in each beingbroken away, presenting two different modifications of the hook memberof the device shown in Fig. 2. Fig. 6 is a view in side elevation ofanother modified form of my improved hook and eye, the two members beingseparated and a portion of the hook member being broken away. Fig. 7 isa top plan view, and Fig. 7 isa view in front elevation, of the eyemember shown in Fig. 6; and Figs. 8 and 9 are respectively a top planview and a view in side elevation of still another modified form of myinvention, a portion of the hook member, as shown in Fig. 9, beingbroken away and the eye member appearing in section.

The hook member of the device consists of a single piece of wire'bent insuch form as to produce the shank a, the bill 19, and the eyelets c' 0these elements being the essential parts of a hook for ahookand eye. Theshank members a a are comparatively short and lie parallel to eachother. One eyelet c of the hook constitutes a loop formed at one end ofthe wire, the other end of the wire merging from the other eyelet into atongue or guard d, which either rises in an incline gradually from theplane of the shank members toward the tip of the bill 17, as in Fig. 4:,or first rises abruptly, as at d in Fig. 5, and then extends in asubstantially horizontal plane before it is directed toward said tip ofthe bill, the object in both cases being to clear the tongue from thespace that is produced between the parallel shank members a and a sothat the tongue will have perfect freedom of lateral movement and willhave the resiliency which its full length affords. Furthermore, in theconstruction shown in Fig. 5 the edge portion of the goods may be laidover the tongue without being appreciably elevated, thus concealing thegreater portion of the device.

As in my patented device, the bill is comparatively short and extendssubstantially at an angle of forty-five degrees relatively to the planeof the shank members, the tongue approaching into approximate contactwith the tip of the bill and then being turned in agradual deflectiondownwardly, its tip either being turned thence rearwardly and lyinginapproximate contact with the body of the tongue (see Fig. l) or elseextending forwardly in any of the several ways hereinafter set forth.

e e are anchorages which are formed in the wire between the bill andshank members a a these anchorages being projected forwardly-that is tosay, toward the bill end of the hook-and extending more or less intoalinement with the line of engagement in the bill between the hook andeye. As shown in Fig. 8, these anchorages project beyond the said line,While in Fig. 9 they extend not quite as far as said line. In Fig. 3they appear as extending up to the line.

The eye member is formed of a continuous piece of wire, having as theessential parts thereof a loopf and eyelets f f The device is so shaped(assuming that the loop and eyelets are already produced) as to bringthe eyelets more or less into alinement with the loop. In Fig. 2 saideyelets and the loop appear in approximately perfect alinement with eachother, while in Figs. 3, 7, and 8 they appear more or less out ofperfect alinement with each other. In the eye member shown in Fig. 3 theadvanced portion of each eyelet is made straight, as at f thus affordingin this portion of the eye an extended medium for the engagement of theattaching-threads. It will be observed in view of what has been abovestated and upon a perusal of the drawings, that according as the billprotrudes beyond the anchorages in the hook member so the loop is setback in the eye member-or, in other words, the eyelets in said eyemember are advanced according as the anchorages in the hook member areset back. The object in these several constructions is in each case tobring the securing-points, which the eyelets in the eye member and theanchorages in the hook member afford, into such proximity to each otheras certain conditionsfor instance, more or less of a space between theedges of the garment or fabric-will permit. As in my patented device, myimproved hook and eye possesses an advantage over many hooks and eyeswhich are so constructed as to obviate their unintentional separation,in that, since its bill is extremely short, all that it is necessary todo in order to connect the members is practically but to bring theiradjacent end portions together, an inappreciable reverse motion onlyafter the eye clears the bill of the hook being necessary. Furthermore,the two meeting portions of a garment may be brought together edge toedge where overlapping of the edges would he necessary with the ordinaryhook and eye; but in the construction of the hook and eye whichconstitutes this my present invention there is involved a still furtheradvantage. As has been hereinbefore pointed out, both members of thedevice have anchorages which are disposed near their forward ends, whichanchorages in the case of each member are appreciably spaced or remotefrom each other and situated in contiguity to an imaginary transverseline in the member where the other member engages it. The consequence ofthis construction is that, considering each edge portion of the garmentand the member of the device which is secured to it as a single flexibleelement, the latter is, as it were, stiffened or made rigid forintervals of considerable lengths as compared to the widths of theconnections or couplings between the members and so, since in the eyemember especially the anchorages are brought up into proximity to theimaginary transverse line of engagement between said members,considerable leverage may be exercised in separating the members, andtheir couplings or connections may be twisted apart with the greatestfacility and, beitemphasized,withoutstretch ing the goods adjacent saidmembers. The wider the anchorages are spaced, as compared with thewidths of the coupling afforded in the connected bill and loop of eachdevice, the better. Also, it should be remarked, the securing-threadsfor each member should be applied as near to the front portions of itsanchorages as possible.

It is preferred that the bill project first outwardly from the hookmember before its end is upturned, as in Figs. 2 and 3, instead ofrising at once, as in Figs. 8 and 9, since thereby a free space 3 Willbe left both sides of said bill down into which, in twisting out theloop of the eye member from engagement with the bill, said loop mayturn.

If the forward end of the tongue is deflected forwardly after it hasbeen given the downward bend, it may extend in a slight inclineupwardly, as shown in Fig. 4:, or it may first extend substantially inthe plane of the shank members and then upwardly, forming a rectangularhook, as in Fig. 5, or it may be shaped to form a curved hook, as inFigs. 6 and 9. The bill may, as seen in side elevation, be perfectlystraight, as in Figs. 4 and 6, or it may be curved inwardly from itsbase to its tip, as seen at g in Fig. 9, or it may extend firstvertically and then at a slight incline rearwardly, as seen at h in Fig.5. The hook and bill are given the various shapes for several reasons,but principally so as to reduce the space 2', which they form, and so asto facilitate the disengagement of the members of the device.

The eye membershown in Figs. 6, 7, and 7 has the extreme forward portion7a of its loop slightly deflected upwardly, so that the two members ofthe device may be secured flat against the fabric. In Fig. 9 the entireloop is curved upwardly out of the plane of the eyelets of the eye forthe same reason.

Having thus fully described my invention, what I claim as new, anddesire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1. In a garment-fastener, the combination of a hook member having ashort upturned bill and a suitable guard coacting therewith, and an eyemember, said members having relatively narrow coupling portions and alsohaving laterally-disposed anchorages situated relatively remote fromeach other and projecting into approximate transverse alinement with thepoint or points where said coupling portions engage each other,substantially as described.

2. In a garment-fastener, the combination of a hook member having itscoupling portion projecting outwardly therefrom and upturned at the end,thus forming the bill, and a suitable guard coacting with said bill,said coupling portion or bill having a free space both sides thereof,and an eye member, said coupling portion or bill and also the couplingportion of the eye member being relatively narrow, and said membershaving laterallydisposed anchorages situated relatively remote from eachother and projecting into approximate transverse alinement with thepoint or points Where said coupling portions engage each other,substantially as described.

3. In a garment-fastener, the hook memher having a relatively narrowcoupling portion projecting outwardly therefrom and upturned at the end,thus forming the bill, a suitable guard coacting with said bill orcoupling portion, and laterally-disposed anchorages situated relativelyremote from each other and projecting into approximate trans- EDWIN W.GROESOHEL.

Witnesses:

WILLIAM GROESCI-IEL, JOHN W. STEWARD.

